Horseheads, New York, is a town in Chemung County with a name that reflects a poignant episode from the American Revolutionary War.
Sullivan Expedition
In 1779, during the Revolutionary War, General John Sullivan led the Sullivan Expedition, a military campaign ordered by General George Washington. The goal was to neutralize the threat posed by the Iroquois Confederacy, who had allied with the British and conducted raids on American frontier settlements. Sullivan’s army consisted of around 5,000 men.
The Journey
The expedition marched through the territories of the Iroquois, destroying villages, crops, and food supplies to weaken the Iroquois and prevent further attacks on American settlements. In their journey, they reached the area that is now Horseheads.
The Incident
As the army continued its march back from the Iroquois territory to Pennsylvania, they reached what is now Horseheads. The army’s horses, exhausted and suffering from the long and grueling campaign, were in such poor condition that many could not continue. Sullivan made the decision to abandon the weakest horses in the area. The soldiers removed the saddles and equipment, and the horses were left behind to fend for themselves.
The Name “Horseheads”
The abandoned horses eventually died, and their bleached skulls and bones were left scattered across the area. When early settlers arrived in the region, they noticed the large number of horse skulls and bones. This sight left a strong impression on them, and they began to refer to the place as “Horseheads.” The name stuck, and the town officially adopted the name.
Historical Significance
The name “Horseheads” serves as a historical reminder of the sacrifices and hardships endured during the Revolutionary War. It commemorates the Sullivan Expedition and the struggle for American independence. The story is a unique part of the local heritage and reflects the area’s connection to the broader history of the United States.
Today, Horseheads is a thriving community that embraces its unique name and history. The town celebrates its heritage with historical markers and community events, keeping the memory of its origins alive for future generations.